Native Plant Facts

Why plant natives?

Native plants are the ecological foundation of healthy landscapes — and small choices in our own yards add up to real protection for Iowa's wildlife and soils.

What is a native plant?

“Native plants are those that occur naturally in a region in which they evolved. They are the ecological basis upon which life depends, including birds and people.”

Exotic plants often prove invasive and fail to support local ecosystems. Native plants, on the other hand, co-evolved over thousands of years with the insects, pollinators, and birds that depend on them.

The difference is dramatic: native oak trees support over 500 species of caterpillars, whereas ginkgos — a commonly planted landscape tree from Asia — host only five. Replacing turf grass with native plants, and committing to native perennials, shrubs, and trees in future plantings, gives that web of life a place to thrive.

Purple blazing star, coneflowers, and grasses in a restored Iowa prairie

The Benefits

What native plants give back

Beautiful & Low Maintenance

  • Require fewer fertilizers and pesticides than lawns
  • Need less water once established
  • Reduce air pollution through less mowing and more carbon removal

Prevents Soil Erosion & Restores Soil Quality

  • Deep root systems increase water storage capacity
  • Reduce water runoff and flooding
  • Retain nutrient-rich topsoil

Protects Birds, Butterflies & Pollinators

  • Provide shelter and food for wildlife
  • Support the insects at the base of the food web
  • Promote biodiversity

Reconnects Us with Iowa Land & Heritage

  • Promotes stewardship of our natural heritage
  • Brings native wildlife back to gardens
  • Reconnects people with nature

Educational Videos

Learn from the experts

The Nature of Native Plants

Iowa State professor Adam Janke discusses native plants' value to Iowa wildlife and ecosystems (recorded fall 2020).

Nature's Best Hope

University of Delaware professor Doug Tallamy discusses the native-plant gardening principles from his book, with real-world case studies.

Ready to get planting?

Find native seed suppliers near you

The University of Northern Iowa's Tallgrass Prairie Center maintains current lists of local nurseries and suppliers for native seeds across the state.

Tallgrass Prairie Center, University of Northern Iowa

Iowa's Natural Heritage

As we reflect on our connections to Iowa's native heritage, nature, and the land, let us also remember that the state of Iowa rests on the territorial lands of the Sioux, Sauk, Meskwaki, and Ioway people.